污灌区浅层地下水污染风险评价研究

Study on risk assessment of groundwater pollution in sewage irrigation area

以污灌区土壤作为风险源,以地下水系统作为风险受体,建立了包含地下水脆弱性、地下水特征污染物容量指数及土壤特征污染物潜在生态危害指数的地下水污染风险评价概念模型。以太原市小店污灌区为例,利用该模型对浅层地下水污染风险进行评价。结果表明:污灌区地下水脆弱性相对较低,特征污染物分布较为集中;受含水层脆弱性指数、特征污染物容量指数及潜在生态危害指数的影响,污灌区浅层地下水污染风险高低分布不均,较高污染风险区和高风险区分布在西吴、贾家寨、梁家庄等村庄以及汾河、萧河沿岸一带,占区域面积的31%。研究成果可为污灌区地下水污染风险分区提供参考依据。

Study on the risk of groundwater pollution in sewage irrigation area is of great importance to protect water and soil resources. Treating the soil in sewage irrigation area as the risk source and groundwater system as the risk receptor, a risk assessment model including aquifer vulnerability, typical groundwater pol- lutants capacity index, and potential ecological risk index of typical soil pollutants has been established. The model is applied to evaluate the shallow groundwater pollution risk for the Xiaodian sewage irrigation area. The results show that the vulnerability of groundwater is relatively lower with a concentrated distribu- tion of pollutants. Besides, influenced by typical pollutants capacity index, potential ecological risk index and aquifer vulnerability, the shallow groundwater pollution risk is unevenly distributed. The areas with high- er risk and high risk are mainly distributed in Xiwu, Jiajiazhai, Liangjiazhuang and along the bank of Fen- he River and Xiaohe River, covering 31% of the region. The results provide a reference for future studies on the risk assessment of groundwater pollution in sewage irrigation area.