保护性耕作表土作业的田间试验研究

Research on Surface Tillage in Conservation Tillage

对 4种保护性耕作法与传统耕作法进行了田间对比试验研究 ,着重探讨了免耕法和免耕 +深松耕作法增加耙地表土作业后 ,对土壤水分保持和作物产量的影响。结果表明 ,免耕碎秆覆盖 +深松、免耕碎杆覆盖+深松 +耙和免耕耙 3种处理的小麦平均产量分别比传统处理增加 9 ,11和 14 ;对采用纯粹免耕法的小麦地增加耙地表土作业后 ,休闲期蓄水效果和水分利用效率得到明显改善 ,小麦增产 12 ;对免耕 +深松耕作法增加播前耙地作业后 ,小麦地休闲期蓄水效果和水分利用效率得到一定程度的提高 。

Field experimental research on the comparison of four kinds of conservation tillage and a conventional tillage was conducted. Effects of the surface tillage, harrowing operation, used in the systems of no tillage and no tillage plus subsoiling on soil water content and winter wheat yield were investigated. It was shown from the experimental results that the wheat yields of the three treatments: no tillage plus subsoiling, no tillage plus subsoiling plus harrowing and no tillage plus harrowing have been increased by 9%, 11% and 14%, respectively, comparing to that of the conventional tillage treatment. There was an obvious improvement on the soil water conserving in the fallow and the water use efficiency for the no tillage treatment due to the supplement of before sowing harrowing operation and therefore its yield was increased by 12%. In the same way, there was a slight improvement on the soil water content in the fallow, water use efficiency and wheat yield for the no tillage plus subsoiling due to the harrowing operation.