小兴安岭天然阔叶混交林群落及生长量特征

Community and Growth Characteristics of Natural Broad-leaved Mixed Forest in Xiaoxinganling Mountains

在小兴安岭伊春林区桃山等5个林业局的林场分别设立了调查试验区,发现5个调查试验区的天然阔叶混交林乔木树种共有12科17属22种,杨柳科、桦木科、椴树科和木樨科在数量上优势比较明显。群落组成的树种以软阔叶树种占多数,但硬阔叶树种也占4成以上,具有明显的向硬阔混交林过渡特征。5个试验区树种混交度均接近强度混交0.75。新青林业局试验区林分主林层林木的各生长因子均表现最好,桃山林业局试验区主林层林分材积最小但演替层林分材积最大。应根据林分的演替状况采用合理营林抚育措施,调整树种组成,逐渐加大针叶树种特别是红松的更新比例,实现"栽针保阔",促进森林演替进程。

Tree species belonging to 12 families and 17 genera and 22 species in 5 natural broad - leaved mixed forest, of which： Salicaceae, Betulaceae, Tiliaceae and sweet- scented osmanthus are in the obvious advantages in number. Soft broad - leaved tree species are in the majority of the species in the community composition, but hardwood species account for more than 40%. It has hard broad - leaved mixed forest transition characteristic. The tree species mixed degrees of 5 test areas are close to the intensity mixed 0. 75. Each growth factor of trees in the main layer of Xinqing Forestry Bureau were the best, trees volume of the succession layer in Taoshan forestry bureau were standed maximum. So we should carry out forestation technique measures according to the succession of forest, adjust tree species composition, gradually increase the proportion of coniferous trees especially Pinus koraiensis, to promote the succession process.