孵化基质pH对红耳龟和中华条颈龟孵化及血液生理指标的影响

Effect of Hatching Matrix pH on Hatching and Blood Physiological Indexes of Trachemys scripta elegans and Mauremys sinensis

为了探讨土壤酸化对红耳龟(Trachemys scripta elegans)和中华条颈龟(Mauremys sinensis)孵化及稚龟血液生理指标的影响,在孵化温度为(30±0.5)℃,孵化基质pH分别为4、5、6、7的条件下,对比研究了两种龟卵孵化率、畸形率、孵化期和血液生理指标的变化。结果表明,两种龟卵孵化率均随孵化基质pH的降低而降低,pH为4时可使胚胎致死,pH为7、6、5处理同种龟不同处理间和同种处理不同种之间孵化率差异不显著(P>0.05);pH降低红耳龟孵化期缩短,胚胎发育加速,胚胎发育正常,而中华条颈龟畸形率升高(P<0.05);两种稚龟血细胞变化不同,红耳龟红细胞长、短径变长,长短径比增加,红细胞数、白细胞数显著增加(P<0.05),中华条颈龟各项血液生理指标差异不显著。对比研究各项指标可知,红耳龟通过减少畸形率、提高急性应激刺激阈值,增强了对酸胁迫的耐受性。

In order to explore the effects of soil acidification on egg hatching and baby blood physiological indexes of Trachemys scripta elegans and Mauremys sinensis, the experiment incubation temperature was （30±0.5） ℃,and pH of incubation matrix was 4, 5, 6, 7. Under these conditions, hatching rate, deformity rate, incubation period and blood physiological changes of the turtle eggs of both species were compared. The results showed that hatching rates of both species decreased as pH of hatching matrix decreased, and embryos were dead when pH was 4. There were no significant differences among turtles in different treatments of the same species and the same treatments of different species in condition of pH 5, 6, 7 （P〉0.05）; When pH decreased, hatching period of Trachemys scripta shortened, their embryos, growth accelerated in normal order while, deformity rate of Mauremys sinensis increased （P〈0.05）. Blood cells of the two baby turtles changed differently. Both length-diameter and short diameter of Trachemys scripta elegans red cell became longer, ratio of length- diameter and short diameter increased, and the quantity of red cell and white cell increased significantly （P〈0.05）. The comparative study of these indicators showed that trachemys scripta elegans enhanced tolerance to acid stress through reducing deformity rate and improving threshold of acute stress stimulation.