中国野生葡萄花粉形态学研究

The Study on Pollen Morphology of the Wild Vitis Varieties in China

对原产中国 2 3种或变种 ,共计 71个类型的野生葡萄及 9个其它栽培种或品种的花粉形态进行了系统观察研究。根据花粉大小 ,可将葡萄花粉分为五类 ,并给出了分类标准 ;花粉粒赤道宽与极轴长之比 (E/P) ,既可用于正常花粉的形态分类 ,又可作为不同种类花粉育性的形态鉴定指标 ;除巨峰为四沟孔类型外 ,其它正常花粉种类的花粉粒均为三沟孔型 ,雌能花种类的花粉无萌发沟孔存在 ;另外还对花粉壁表面孔穴大小。

The pollen grains of 23 Vitis species or subspecies(including 71 varieties)native to China,5 European grape Cultivars,4 hybrid cultivars(3 of V.vinifera × labrusca ,and one of V.vinifera × amurensis ),were stu died by using scanning electron and light microscope.The pollen grains were divided into 5 groups according to their size and the grouping scales were given out.The ratio of polar axis to equatorial dimeter was not only a good index for the shape classification of the normal pollen varieties,but also a better morphological parameter for the pollen fertility deteriniuation of the different vitis varieties.All normal pollen grains of male or hermaphrodite vine varieties were characteristically tricloporate,and that of all female one was acolporate(having no furrows),with exception of the Kyoho cultivar which was 4 colporate type.The pollen grain taper concept was set up for the description of the normal vine pollen grain shape.The pit breadth and density on the normal pollen grain exine were investigated and described also.