优士丁尼《法学阶梯》中胎儿的民事主体地位研究

A Research on Fetus' Civil Subject Status Based on The Institutes of Justinian

胎儿的民事主体地位是近年来我国学界研究的热点,实际上,古罗马时期,优士丁尼《法学阶梯》在对胎儿权益保护的立法过程中就已经涉及到胎儿的民事主体地位问题,并开创了列举保护主义的立法模式,使胎儿在若干民事权利上已享有民事主体地位,这要远远早于《德国民法典》。在我国,《中华人民共和国继承法》(以下简称《继承法》)中针对胎儿规定的继承权不能够充分保护胎儿的继承权,为此,需要考虑借鉴优士丁尼《法学阶梯》中对胎儿继承权的立法模式。

Fetus＇ civil subject status is the hotspot of academic research in China in recent years. In fact, in ancient Rome, the legislation of The Institutes of Justinian involved the issue of fetus＇ civil subject status to protect its rights, which created a list of legislation mode of protectionist and had the fetus enjoy that The In civil subject status in certain civil rights. It heritance Law of the inheritance rights, it is necessary Justinian for reference. People＇s Republic of to take the legislation is far earlier than Germany Civil Code. Given China is inadequate to fully protect the fetus＇ mode of fetus＇ inheritance of The Institutes of Justinian for reference.