论我国留置权成立要件中的“同一法律关系”

On “the Same Legal Relationship” of the Established Condition of Lien in China

我国《物权法》中关于留置权成立要件明确规定了债权人留置的动产应当与债权属于"同一法律关系"。这种界定应仅限于"同一个法律关系",而不能将其扩大解释为"同一种法律关系"。但由于《物权法》此规定的概念语义范围较小,它在一定程度上限制了留置权的适用范围,因此有必要予以扩张,即将一般侵权行为之债、无因管理(限动产)之债、不当得利之债以及因同一生活关系所生之债纳入到留置权中适用。

The Real Right Law of the People＇s Republic of China stipulates explicitly that as for the lien＇s established conditions the chattels taken as lien by the creditor and the creditor＇s rights are le- gally identical in relationship. This definition should be limited to ＂the same legal relationship＂ but not extended as ＂the same kind of legal relationship＂. Because of the small rang of conceptual mean- ing, The Real Right Law limits the scope of lien to a certain extent. Therefore it is necessary to ex- tend the interpretation. The lien is expected to include the debts of the general tort, the voluntary service （the limited chattel）, the unjustified enrichment and the debts caused by the relationship be- tween the same lives.