风载对高速列车横向动态偏移量的影响

The influence of wind load on high-speed train lateral dynamic offset

基于流固耦合力学和列车动力学,采用有限元方法建立风载-列车耦合动力学模型,研究强横风作用下高速列车直线通过、曲线通过、过岔、交会和过站5种工况下车体横向动态偏移量.研究结果表明：列车横向动态偏移量随风速每增加5m/s,近似线形增加20％～30％,9级风速下不宜高速行驶;曲线上列车横向动态偏移量较直线高出7～8倍,且受离心力作用较大;侧向过岔较直向需要更大的安全空间,列车侧向过岔速度不宜高于80 km/h;增加线间距可以有效降低列车交会时的横向动态偏移量;列车过站时的车体横向动态偏移量受站内风影响较大,考虑列车进站时横向动态偏移量,车体与站台之间的安全空间应大于50mm.利用包络图法,综合以上全部工况下列车的横向动态偏移量,得出列车模型的横向动态轮廓线.

Based on fluid - solid coupling mechanics and train dynamics, the coupling dynamic model of wind load and trains was established with FEM to analyze the effect of strong crosswind on the lateral dynamic offset of trains under the condition of moving through straight line, curved line, crossing, intersection and stations. The resuhs show that the lateral dynamic offset of train would increase linearly by 20% - 30% when the speed of wind increases by 5 m/s,and the train should not operate with high speed under the condition of 9 level wind. The maximum lateral dynamic offset under curving condition was 7 - 8 times than straight through and more affected by the centrifugation force. Lateral through turnout needs more security space than straight through. The lateral through speed should be not higher than 80 km/h. Increasing the line spacing may effectively decrease the maximum lateral dynamic offset when intersecting. The maximum lateral dynamic offset is more affected by the wind of the station when the train traverses the station. Considering the condition of travelling in the station, the distance between the train and the stain should be greater than 50 mm. Using the envelope method, the lateral dynamic contour of the train model was derived by integrating the lateral dynamic offset under the above conditions.