天目山不同海拔柳杉群落特征与空气负离子效应分析

Structure characteristics and air anion effect of Cryptomeria fortunei community at different altitude in Tianmu Mountain

选择天目山国家森林公园不同海拔高度的9个古柳杉群落为研究对象,调查柳杉群落种类组成、结构、外貌特征,实测春夏秋三季不同柳杉生境小气候、空气负离子浓度的瞬时值,并评价其空气清洁度。结果表明:在生长季节,随着海拔高度增加柳杉群落Simpson、Shannon-Wienner及Pielou等多样性指数均呈增长趋势,大小排序为山顶(0.918 2;4.345 9;0.805 9)>山麓(0.895 9;4.116 0;0.781 1)>山中(0.890 9;3.999 6;0.747 3),而植物群落物种丰富度指数则表现不同特点,其增长趋势为山中(37)>山顶(33)>山麓(31);春夏季节空气负离子浓度日变化呈双峰曲线,而秋季空气负离子浓度则呈单峰曲线。随着海拔高度增加空气负离子浓度呈上升趋势,且山顶、山中较高海拔的柳杉群落空气负离子浓度显著高于山麓,其CI值(空气质量评价指数)也高于山麓。

By taking nine Cryptomeria fortunei communities at different altitude of National Forest Park in Tianmu Mountain as the studied objects,the community type composition,structure and appearance characteristics were investigated,the instantaneous values of habitat microclimate of C.fortunei species in the spring,summer and autumn were measured in field and the air cleanness degrees of different C.fortunei habitats in different seasons were evaluated.The results show that the C.fortunei community type diversity such as Simpson,Shannon-Wienner and Pielou index increased with the increments of altitude height in the tree growing seasons,the sequence of them was： top of the mountain（0.918 2;4.345 9;0.805 9）＆gt; foot of the mountain（0.895 9;4.116 0;0.781 1）＆gt; half way up the mountain（0.890 9;3.999 6;0.747 3）;however the community species richness index were not similar,the sequence of them was： half way up the mountain（37）＆gt; top of the mountain（33）＆gt; foot of the mountain（31）;diurnal change of air anion concentration was bimodal type in spring and summer,but was unimodal type in autumn;with the increment of altitude height,air anion concentration increased and was more for the top of and half way up the mountain than for the foot of the mountain,and the air quality assessment index（CI） value（air quality evaluation index） showed the same trends.