速生松木家具几种节点接合方式的强度比较研究

Comparative study on corner joints strength of fast-growing Pinus massoniana wood furniture

以南方速生脱脂马尾松松木为基材,以"L"型和"T"型构件为基本构件形式,采用力学实验方法 ,对理想使用状态——即在外力垂直荷载匀速加载的作用下使构件节点发生破坏或变形,测试构件节点破坏强度值及其破坏或变形形式。实验针对8种不同框架节点接合方式(贯通直角单榫接合、不贯通直角暗榫接合、双圆榫接合、倒刺螺母连接件接合、双圆榫与倒刺螺母共同接合、三件式偏心连接件接合,以及45°双圆榫斜角接合和45°不贯通榫斜角接合)的接合强度进行测定。实验结果表明:(1)对于直角连接构件,采用贯通直角单榫接合时的节点接合强度最大;双圆榫与倒刺螺母共同连接的节点接合强度次之;然后强度值从高到低依次为双圆榫接合、倒刺螺母螺杆连接件接合、不贯通直角单榫接合,接合强度最小的是偏心连接件接合;(2)对于45°斜角连接构件,采用45°不贯通榫斜角接合的节点强度大于45°双圆榫斜角接合的节点强度;(3)在相同条件下,"T"型实木构件的节点接合强度总体上大于"L"型实木构件的节点接合强度。研究表明:节点处的基本构件形式("L"型或"T"型)、角部构件的连接形式(直角构件或斜角构件),以及节点的接合方式等都不同程度地影响着马尾松松木家具框架节点的接合强度。

By taking the fast-growing Pinus massoniana wood degreased and dried preferably which come from Hunan province as the base material,using T-form and L-form component as the basic pine-wood component,and employing mechanics experimental method,the damage or deformation occurred at the component nodes under the action of external vertical load uniform loaded（an ideal working condition） were studied so as to measure the strength values and the damage or deformation types.Eight kinds of frame joints bonding modes were used to determine the node joining strength,such as run-through mortise and tenon joint,hidden mortise and tenon joint,double dowels joints,screw fittings joints,double dowels and screw fittings joints,eccentric fittings joints,mitred double dowels joints and hidden mitred mortise and tenon joint.The results of the experiments show that the value of run-through mortise and tenon joint strength was the maximum,the double dowels and screw fittings joints strength was the second,the double dowels joints strength was the next,and the screw fittings joints strength and hidden mortise and tenon joints strength followed successively,the eccentric fittings joints strength was the minimum;for the 45 degree bevel join widget,the mitred double dowels joints strength was higher than hidden mitred mortise and tenon joint strength;in the same situation,the joint strength of basic component T-form was higher than that of the basic component L-form.Finally,the studying results show that the corner joints strength values with furniture framework were affected in different degrees by the basic components（T-form or L-form）,joint modes of corner parts（run-straight or mitred）,and the connected methods of corner joints.