全程健康宣教在产后抑郁防治中的效果分析

Effects analysis of the health education during the whole pregnancy and puerperium in preventive treatment of postpartum depression

目的 探讨全程健康教育在产妇产后抑郁症干预中的效果.方法 选择2012年1月～2013年9月四川省眉山市中医医院产科住院分娩产妇192例,将接受全程健康宣教的103例孕产妇作为治疗组,仅产前及产后复查的89例孕产妇作为对照组,治疗组在孕期及分娩期有针对性进行宣教,并进行产后护理,对照组仅在分娩时采取同样的健康宣教.孕期建卡时及分娩前使用焦虑自评量表（SAS）和抑郁自评量表（SDS）,出院前及产褥期后复查时采用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）评价抑郁的严重程度.比较治疗组孕期及产前抑郁评分情况以及两组患者产前产后抑郁评分情况.结果 治疗组孕期及产前SAS及SDS抑郁评分比较,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,治疗组产褥期后EPDS总分为（3.46±2.32）分,明显低于对照组EPDS总分[（7.22±1.62）分],两组差异有高度统计学意义（P＜0.01）.结论 全程健康教育可预防孕期抑郁,对降低产后抑郁有显著疗效.

Objective To study the effects of the health education during the whole pregnancy and puerperium in preventive treatment of postpartum depression.Methods 192 pregnancy women with birth in Meishan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine during January 2012 to September 2013 were chosen,there were divided into the groups of 103 cases of pregnant women with health education all the time,and 89 cases of pregnant women who got the basic nursing care before delivery and after puerperium were chosen as the control group.Treatment group was given the targeted propaganda and education in the pregnancy period and childbirth period,and postnatal care,and the control group was given the same health propaganda and education in childbirth period only.SAS and SDS during pregnancy and before delivery were used to assesse depression,EPDS during puerperium was used to assesse postpartum depression and the score of depression scale between the pregnancy and the period before delivery of the treatment group were compared,two groups by the score of postpartum depression scale were compared.Results There was no statistically significant difference of the score of depression scale between the pregnancy and the period before delivery of the treatment groups （P ＞ 0.05）.The treatment group were （3.46±2.32） scores of postpartum depression using EPDS,and the control group were （7.22±1.62） scores,there was a statistically significant difference between two groups （P ＜ 0.01）.Conclusion Health education plays an effective role in preventing depression during the whole pregnancy and reducing postpartum depression during puerperium.