民族精神与主题的悖论——诺贝尔文学奖视域下莫言与赫塔·穆勒比较研究

The Paradox on the National Spirit and Themes——The Comparative Study between Herta Mullerand Mo Yan in the Perspective of Nobel Prize

2009年诺贝尔文学奖获得者赫塔·穆勒与2012年诺贝尔文学奖获得者莫言两位作家在获奖后,引来诸多争议。争议的焦点集中在文学作品内容的民族性狭窄与政治主题的表现上。民族性是作家生存的本质所在,主题是作品呈现的意识形态,诺贝尔文学奖在评奖尺度上对于民族性和主题倾向性是具有自己评判标准的,赫塔·穆勒和莫言两位作家的民族性与政治主题不是相辅相成的,是在文本内容的格局下矛盾的统一,这正是作家思想的复杂性和身份的在地性所致。

There are arguments about Herta Mullerand and Mo Yan after they got Nobel Prize in 2009 2012 respectively. The foucus of argument is the narrow nationality and the political themes. Nationality is and the nature of writers existing and themes are the forms of ideology. Nobel Prize has its own critira in evalating works, while Herta Muller and Mo Yan＇s works are unified in the content, which is caused by complexity and identies of writers.