晒晾烟重要农艺性状遗传分析

The Genetic Analysis of Important Agronomic Traits in Sun-cured Tobacco

以8个优良的晒晾烟品种(系)为亲本,配置完全双列杂交,进而利用基于混合线性模型的统计学方法,对晾晒烟株高、叶数、节距、腰叶长、腰叶宽以及茎围6个主要农艺性状进行遗传分析。结果表明,在多数农艺性状遗传中加性效应和显性效应都起重要作用,但所占比例有所不同,腰叶长和叶数主要受加性效应影响,而株高、节距、腰叶宽和茎围性状显性效应起主要作用;6种重要农艺性状狭义遗传率由高到低分别为:腰叶长>叶数>株高>节距>腰叶宽>茎围,其中,腰叶长和叶数狭义遗传率较高,分别为0.35和0.33,适合进行早代选择。另外,估算了供试材料的遗传效应值,并对各亲本及组合的育种利用价值进行了评价。本研究为晒晾烟重要农艺性状遗传改良提供了一定的理论依据。

By using a genetic model including additive and dominance effects, six important agronomic traits including plant height （PH）, number of leaves （LN）, length of internodes （IL）, length of leaves （LL）, width of leaves （LW） and stem girth （SG） in sun-cured tobacco were analyzed for a complete diallel mating design with 8 sun-cured tobacco cultivars or breeding lines and their 28 F1. The results showed that additive effect and dominance effect played important roles in most of agronomic traits in sun-cured tobacco. For 6 agronomic traits, LL and LN were mainly controlled by additive effect, while PH, IL, LW and SG were mainly controlled by dominance effect. The narrow heritabilities of 6 different traits were LL〉LN〉PH〉IL〉LW〉SG, and the narrow heritabilities for LL and LN were 0.35 and 0.34, respectively, which was relatively high and could be taken in early generations. In addition, the values of additive and dominance effects were estimated and the potential breeding values of different parents and crosses for improvements of different agronomic traits were discussed in respect to predicted values of genetic effects.