14世纪末至20世纪初东亚国际通语——汉语之应用

Application of Chinese as the “Common Language” from Late 14^(th) Century to Early 20^(th) Century

14世纪末至20世纪初(中国明清时期1368—1912年),汉语作为东亚通语,在各国政治、经济、文化交往中被广泛应用。各国通事、使者、文人交流应用汉语的具体情况,被记录在《燕行录》(韩国)、《朝鲜王实录》(韩国)、《皇越诗选》(越南)等东亚汉语文献之中,主要应用形式是口语、笔语、唱和、书信和国书等。这些记载说明汉语作为东亚区域国际通语地位已经确立。这是汉语国际化的重要体现,是汉语可以作为国际通用语应用的重要历史证明,为将汉语发展成为世界国际通用语提供历史借鉴,对当前的汉语国际传播和汉语国际推广及应用研究有重要参考价值。

Chinese had been widely used as a common language in political, economic and cultural exchanges among East Asian countries during the period of Ming and Qing Dynasties from 1368 to 1912. Records in Journey to Peking （Korea）, History of Yi Dynasty （Korea） and Poetry of Great Vietnam （Vietnam） show that interpreters, envoys and scholars from various countries used Chinese in their daily life, poem creation and official communication. And all this not only indicates that Chinese had established its status as an international language at that time, but also offers valuable historical references for the further spreading, popularization and application of Chinese at present.