80份晒烟种质资源特征特性的鉴定及繁种

The Character Evaluation and Seed Propagation for 80 Air-cured Tobacco Germplasm Resources

为筛选优异的烟草种质供育种利用，并繁殖种子入国家库保存，在田间对80份晒烟种质资源的主要特征特性进行全面的鉴定。结果表明，各种质的生育期、形态特征、主要性状等差异较大。变异系数生育期为9．1％～21．8％，主要性状为9．7％～35．1％；变异系数排列为现蕾期〉中心花开放期〉全生育期；节距〉叶柄〉茎叶角度〉株高〉叶数〉叶宽〉茎围〉花冠直径〉花萼长度〉叶长〉主侧脉角度〉花冠长度。现蕾较早的是‘永胜辫辫烟’（20天），‘路西鸭莫咪’和‘勐板晒烟’（28天）次之，‘枇杷烟’、‘河口土烟’、‘土烟．2’较晚（52天）；节距差异较大，花冠长度差异较小；试验筛选出黑胫病病指小于lO的种质‘象朵烟’、‘潞西长叶烟’、‘把烟’、‘枇杷烟’、‘神农大叶’、‘塘逢烟’、‘亡勐町-4’、‘下川烟’、‘宜良柳叶烟’等。聚类分析将80份种质资源分为2大类；每大类又可分为2个亚类，每个亚类又可分成2个小类。该项试验每份上交5g种子到国家烟草种质库保存，并提交全套试验资料给中国烟草遗传育种研究（北方）中心完成“中国烟草种质资源信息共享平台建设”。

In order to screened to excellent tobacco germplasm resources for tobacco breeding, and breeding seed storage in the National Gene Bank. 80 air-cured tobacco germplasm resources were evaluated for their character in the field. The result showed that there were large differences in the growing period duration, morphological and main agricultural character, and the CV of the budding period duration, main agricultural character was from 9.1% to 21.8%, 9.7% to 35.1% respectively. CV range from biger to smaller was the growing period duration, flowing duration, and the full growing period duration, node interval, stipe, angel between stem and leaf, plant height, effective leaf number, leaf width, stem girth, corolla diameter, calyx length, leaf length, angel between main vein and lateral veins, corolla length. The budding dates of ＇Yongshengbianbianyan＇ was the earliest with 20 d, and than ＇Luxiyamomi＇ and ＇Mongbangshaiyan＇, were 28 d and ＇ Pipaiyan＇, ＇ Hekuotuyan＇ and ＇Tuyan No.2＇ budding the latest with 52 d after being transplanting. The test screen out a few resources had less than 10 disease indexes, such as ＇Xiangdu ＇Luxichangyeyan＇, ＇Bayan＇, ＇Pipaiyan＇, ＇Shengnongdaye＇, ＇Tangpongyan＇, ＇Mangmongding oyan＇, No.4＇,＇Xiachuengyan＇, ＇Niliangliuyeyan＇, etc. With the help of clustering analysis, the germplasm resources were devided into two groups, and each group was devided into two subfamilies, and the each subfamily still could be devided into two types. Finally, the full date of each the germplasm resources were submitted to China Tobacco Heredity Breeding （North） Research Center to accomplish the bulild-up of China Tobacco Germplasm Resources Information Share Flafform, and 5 g seed of each germplasm resource was sent to for Chinese Tobacco Germplasm Bank.