考虑地铁换乘客流的BRT运营调度模型研究

Study on Optimal Model of the BRT Operation Scheduling Considering Passengers Transferring from Subway

针对高峰期间地铁换乘的大客流对快速公交运营调度的影响,本文以快速公交运送乘客量最大化、乘客成本最小化、运营成本最小化为目标,建立了多目标规划模型,并设计了启发式求解算法.通过案例研究,可以得出最优发车间隔为2 min,但存在客流损失,如果保证客流不损失则发车间隔只能是1 min,但运营成本大幅增加,而且存在严重的运力浪费;在容忍度从5 min到15 min的变化过程中,各项指标值(包括最优解)都没有变化,仅仅乘客等车成本和总成本呈阶梯变化,即在大客流情况下最优发车间隔对容忍度不敏感.在BRT实际运营调度中,应综合权衡各方利益,根据实际需求考虑发车间隔大小.

Considering the passengers transferring from subway impact on the BRT operation scheduling during the peak hours,in this paper the multi-objective programming model is proposed,which target to maximized passengers flow,minimized user cost and operation cost.A heuristic algorithm is developed to solve the model.By example,the optimal headways can be acquired and the value is 2 minutes,but in this case there is some passenger loss.The headway value only is 1 minute if ensuring no passenger loss,but the operating costs will substantially increase and there is a serious waste of capacity.All the index value have not changed including the optimal solution only the passengers waiting cost and the total cost in stepped variation when passenger tolerance change from 5 min to 15 min,that is to say,the optimal headway is not sensitive to passenger tolerance in the case of numerous passenger flow.The results also show that the headway should be made based on the actual demand.