一种基于接收节点控制的无线传感器网络媒体访问控制协议

A Receiver-Initiated MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

为了提高无线传感器网络数据包传输效率,提出一种基于时间同步、接收节点控制的无线传感器网络媒体访问控制协议。该协议在保持节点低功耗工作的前提下,使父节点在一个操作周期内,通过多次邀请机制和迸发传输机制,能够与多子节点进行数据包的多次传输。该多次邀请机制,使父节点具备了在单个操作周期内,从多个子节点接收数据包的能力,本质上减少了子节点之间的竞争、提高了信道利用率,增强了父节点对数据包传输的控制力。迸发传输机制,使得父节点可以在一次通讯中连续接收多个数据包,进一步提高了信道的利用率。仿真结果表明:当网络载荷强度增大时,该协议使网络中的节点能够充分利用信道,显著提高了网络中数据包的传输效率,随着网络载荷增加,使网络吞吐量增大近50%。

In order to improve the transmission efficiency of nodes in wireless sensor networks,this paper proposes a synchronous receive-initiated medium access control protocol （ SRI-MAC ） . While maintaining low energy consumption of nodes in the network,a parent-node in a local communication cluster invites more than one child-node to send multiple packets over an operation period by using multiple-invitation mechanism and burst-transmission mechanism. The multiple-invitation mechanism makes the parent-node able to receive packets from multiple child-nodes in an operation period. It intrinsically reduces the competition among child-nodes,enhances the channel utilization and strengthens the control of the parent-node for packet transmission. The burst-transmission mechanism allows the parent-node can continuously receive multiple packets in a communication which also enhances the channel utilization. Simulation results show that, when the traffic load becomes heavier, the method proposed in SRI-MAC enables the node to make full use of the channel and dramatically improves the transmission efficiency. SRI-MAC improves the throughput by 50%.