关于马克思人的本质思想的几点思考

Reflections on Marx’s Theory of the Essence of Human

人的本质是“自由的自觉的活动”，是马克思在其早期著作《1844年经济学——哲学手稿》对人的本质思想的经典论断，它不仅科学回答了人的存在方式是实践、劳动，而且揭示出人具有能动性、创造性的特征；而人的本质是“一切社会关系的总和”，是马克思对人的本质思想的进一步发展．它揭示了人具有社会性的本质特征：马克思后期关于人的“需要即他们的本性”进一步阐释了人的本质的最普遍的表现形式，以及人的本质发展的基本动力和原因。马克思关于人的本质的三种经典表述，体现了其关于人的本质思想发展并不断深化的逻辑过程。我们在认识人的本质这一问题时，应该从以上三方面把握。只有这样，对人的本质问题的认识理解才能全面而且深刻。

Human nature is ＂free and conscious activities＂, which is the classical conclusion on the human nature thought in Marx＇s earlier work Economics and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844. This conclusion not only scientifically identifies that human existence is actually the practice and working, but also reveals mankind＇s innovative and creative features. Human nature is ＂the combination of all social relations＂ is Marx＇s further development of the concept of human essence, which reveals people have social characteristics; Marx＇s later comment ＂need is common form of human nature, and the basic motivation nature. Marx＇s three classical interpretations of the nature people＇s nature＂, further explains the most and reasons of the development of human of human embody the logic process of the continuous development of human nature. We shall take into account the above-mentioned three aspects when we look into human＇s nature, only in this way can we have a comprehensive and profound understanding of the problems of human nature.