从价差调整和重大变更价格调整浅析工程投资控制——以南水北调中线一期总干渠工程为例

Simple Analysis on Investment Control from Price Spread Adjustment and Significant Changes Price --A Case Study on the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project

南水北调中线一期总干渠工程长1432km（含天津干渠），跨越四大流域五个省市，建设环境复杂，建设工期长，建设期建筑市场生产资料的价格涨幅超出了市场的预期，也超出了承包人的风险承受能力。必须对材料的价差进行调整，才能保障施工资金充足，确保施工顺利进行。同时，由于工程勘测设计任务重、技术难题多、线路长、地质条件复杂、征迁协调复杂、工期长等诸多因素，开工建设以来发生了很多重大工程变更。重大变更的价格调整对承、发包双方利益影响较大，如何合理平衡双方利益，合理调整变更价格是投资控制的一大难题。市场经济条件下，市场定价的原则确定的变更价格是最合理的价格，既能让承包人取得合理的利润，促进工程建设，又能有效控制投资。

The main canal of middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project is 1432 kilometers long （including Tianjin canal）, which across four basins of five provinces, it is build in complex environment and long construction period, the production prices during construction period exceeded market expectations, but also beyond the Contractor＇s risk tolerance. Adjusting material spreads is necessarily to guarantee the construction funds and to ensure the smooth construction. At the same time, due to the many factors in engineering survey and heavy design task, difficult technical problems, long line, complex geological conditions, complex relocation coordination, long construction period, construction has undergone many major engineering changes. The major change of price adjustment has great effect on the interests of contractor and develop- er. It is a big problem in investment control on how to balance the interests of both sides,how to adjust the price reasonable. Under the market economy, the market-set price is the most reasonable price, which can let the contractor to obtain reasonable profits, so as to promote the project construction, and to control investment effectively.