突发性水污染事件的预防机制探讨

Study on Prevention Mechanism of Sudden Water Pollution Accident

突发性水污染事件的预防机制是针对这类事件制定的主动预防措施，和应急预案处于同等重要的地位。通过对几宗具有一定代表性的突发性水污染事件进行分析，认为这类事件发生的直接原因归为失控和过失两类，深层次的原因包括三方面：使用危险性原材料；操作程序和设备有安全隐患；员工操作水平低。从这三方面的深层次原因着手，建立了包括安全生产模式及其外部驱动两方面内容的突发性水污染事件预防机制。

Prevention mechanism of sudden water pollution accident is active preventive measures aiming at the accidents, which is equally impor- tant with emergency plan. This paper takes discussion on direct cause and deep cause of sudden water pollution accident based on analysis of sev- eral typical sudden water pollution accident. Direct causes include runaway and negligence. Deep causes include three aspects which is use of dan- gerous material, hidden danger of operating procedure and equipment,low operating level of staff. Prevention mechanism of sudden water pollu- tion including safety producting model and external drive is put forward according to the three deep cause.