不同种类药剂对小麦禾谷缢管蚜的防治效果研究

The Control Effect of Different Pesticides to Rhopalosiphum padi of Wheat

禾谷缢管蚜是西南麦区蚜虫的优势种群,为提高对其防治效果,选择2种常用的化学农药(氰戊-氧化乐果、阿维菌素-吡虫啉)和2种植物源农药(辣椒水、大蒜-洋葱-香葱水)分别在室内和田间开展了药效试验。结果表明:室内浸渍试验中,化学农药造成蚜虫全部死亡,植物源农药毒杀效果也较为理想(死亡率76.7%～86.7%)。田间试验的校正防效依次为:阿维菌素-吡虫啉>氰戊-氧化乐果>辣椒水>大蒜-洋葱-香葱水,禾谷缢管蚜对吡虫啉敏感性较高(校正防效90%以上),对氧化乐果有一定的抗性,对参试的植物源农药敏感性较差(校正防效40.5%～50.8%)。天气状况对药效试验结果影响明显。在对禾谷缢管蚜的防治中,应首选阿维菌素-吡虫啉以获得较好的防治效果,同时加强植物源农药的研制和配套技术研究。

Rhopalosiphum padi was the major pest in southwestern wheat region. The toxicity of two chemical pesticides （fenvalerate-omethoate and abamectin-imidacloprid） and two botanical pesticides （capsaicin solution and garlic-onion-delicious onion solution） to Rhopalosiphum padi were tested in the laboratory and field. The results showed that, the aphids mortality was 100% soaked in chemistry pesticides and 76.7%-86.7% in botanical pesticides in the laboratory. The insecticide effieacy of abamectin-imidacloprid was first, fenvalerate-omethoate second, then capsaicin solution and garlic-onion-delicious onion solution in the field. In other words, Rhopalosiphum padi was sensitive to abamectin-imidacloprid （correetion control effect over 90%）, and was lower sensitive to two botanical pesticides （correction control effect 40.5%-50.8%）. Besides, aphid population development was always influenced by bad meteorological factors such as wind and rain. In order to get better control effect, abamectin-imidacloprid can be chosen first and the related research of botanical pesticide needs to be strengthened.