新型纳米碳材料的应用新进展

Recent research and applications of carbon nanomaterials in advanced materials

近年来,富勒烯、纳米碳管和石墨烯的发现和报道使纳米碳材料受到各界广泛地重视。新型碳材料可以显著提高复合材料的机械性能和导热性能;制备出具有特殊形貌和微观结构的电极材料,应用在电化学器件中可以改善电化学性能,提高能量转化效率;在催化剂和储氢材料方面也有良好的应用前景。主要总结了这三种纳米碳材料的优异性能及其在储氢材料、超级电容器、催化材料等领域的最新研究进展,并对其未来发展趋势予以展望。

Carbon nanomaterials including fullerene, carbon nanotubes and graphene have been intensively studied in the fields of advanced functional, energy and catalysis materials due to their unique structure and extraordinary properties. The recent research and development of carbon materials with enhanced performance in nanocomposites, catalysts, superca- pacitors and Li-ion batteries was briefly reviewed. The potential applications and challenges were also discussed.