盆底肌锻炼护理干预对初产妇分娩结局及盆底功能的影响

Effects of Exercise of Pelvic Floor on Childbirth Outcome and Pelvic Floor Function in Primiparas

目的:探讨盆底肌锻炼对初产妇分娩结局及盆底功能的影响,提高孕产妇生活质量。方法:选择符合标准的孕妇200例随机分为观察组和对照组各100例,对照组实施传统护理,观察组给予护理干预,比较护理效果。结果:两组孕妇分娩方式比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组第二产程时间明显短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而二者其它产程时间相似,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。入组时两组孕妇各盆底肌纤维肌力比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组临产时、产后6周及产后3个月均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。产后6周两组各盆底肌纤维肌力较入组时均下降(P<0.05),但是观察组下降幅度较小(P<0.05);观察组产后3个月各盆底肌纤维肌力基本恢复至入组时(P>0.05),对照组仍明显低于入组时(P<0.05)。结论:盆底肌锻炼护理干预有助于初产妇自然分娩,改善盆底功能,促进产后康复,提高孕产妇生活质量,方法简单,安全可靠,值得推广应用。

Objective：To investigate the effects of exercise of the muscles of pelvic floor on childbirth outcome and pelvic floor function in primiparas and to elevate the life quality of pregnant and lying -in women .Method：200 pregnant women meeting the criteria were selected and randomly divided into observa-tion group and control group , 100 women in each group;the patients in control group was given with tradi-tional nurse , while the patients in observation group given with nursing intervention , and the nursing effects were compared .Result： The difference in mode of delivery between the pregnant women of the two groups was statistically significant （ P＆lt;0.05） .The second labor stage time of the observation group was significantly＆amp;nbsp;shorter than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant （P＆lt;0.05）, while the times of the other labor stages of the two groups were similar , and the differences were statistically insignifi-cant （P＆gt;0.05）.The difference in the muscle strength of the muscle fiber of pelvic floor in the pregnant women of the two groups when entering the groups was statistically insignificant （P＆gt;0.05）, while the muscle strengths of the muscle fiber of pelvic floor in the pregnant women of the observation group when childbirth , in 6 weeks and 3 months after childbirth were all superior to those of the control group , and the differences were statistically significant （P＆lt;0.05）.6 weeks after childbirth, the muscle strengths of the muscle fiber of pelvic floor in the pregnant women of both groups were decreased when compared with those when entering the groups （P＆lt;0.05）, but the decrease extent of the observation group was smaller （ P＆lt;0.05）; and 3 months after childbirth , the muscle strength of the muscle fiber of pelvic floor in the pregnant women of the observation group was basically recovered to those when entering the group （ P＆gt;0.05） , while that of the con-trol group was still significantly lower than that when entering the group （ P＆lt;0.05） .Conclusion：Nursing in-tervention of exercising the muscles of pelvic floor is helpful for the primiparas to spontaneously give birth to children , to improve pelvic floor function , to promote postnatal rehabilitation and to elevate the life quality of the pregnant and lying-in women , It is easy , safe and reliable , and consequently is worthy of clinical appli-cation.