豫中烤烟种植区烟叶氯质量分数与土壤肥力空间变异特性研究

Spatial variability of both chlorine in flue-cured tobacco leaves and soil fertility factors in tobacco planting fields in central Henan Province

在地统计和GIS的支持下，以半方差函数为工具，研究了豫中烤烟种植区烟叶氯含量和土壤养分的空间变异性特征，并进行相关分析．运用普通克立格法进行最优无偏线性插值，制作了研究区内烤烟烟叶中氯含量和不同土壤养分的空间分布图．结果表明：研究区内烤烟烟叶中氯含量符合指数模型，其空间变异性受结构性的因素影响较大．土壤属性中，土壤全磷、有效氮、速效钾、氯含量为中等程度的空间变异性，其余的都为弱空间变异性；分维数最高的是土壤有效氮和阳离子交换量，最低的是有机质、pH和硅．相关性分析表明，烟叶氯含量与土壤pH、土壤Cl、Ca、Na都呈极显著的正相关，与土壤阳离子交换量、Al、Fe、Ti呈极显著的负相关，与粒径0．01～0．001mm土壤颗粒呈极显著的负相关，与粒径0．I～0．05mm土壤颗粒呈极显著的正相关．本烟区烟叶氯质量分数为0．540．4～0．80％的高值区位于研究区的中部、西北部和东北角，占研究区总面积的20．31%；烟叶氯质量分数为0．40％～0．54％的种植区位于研究区的中部和北部的大部分地区，占研究区总面积的53．20％；烟叶氯质量分数为0．14％～0．40％的低值区位于研究区的西部、南部和东部，占研究区总面积的26．49％．

Geostatistics method, with geographic information system （GIS）, is applied to study the spatial variability of both chlorine in flue-cured tobacco leaves and soil fertility factors of tobacco planting fields in Central Henan Province. Analysis of the isotropic variogram indicates that the contents of chlorine in the study regions are well described with exponential model, which are mainly induced by structure factors. Among many soil fertility factors the soil total P, available K and CI have a medium spatial autocorrelation, while the others have weak autocorrelation. The fraction value of available N is the biggest among many soil fertility factors, while that of organic matter, pH and Si are smaller than others. Correlation matrix of soil nutrients and chlorine of flue-cured tobacco leaves reveal that there are significant positive correlation between the content of chlorine in flue-cured tobacco leaves and soil pH, soil Cl, Ca, Na, while there are negative correlation between the content of chlorine in flue-cured tobacco leaves and soil CEC, Al, Fe and Ti; And there are significant negative correlation between the content of chlorine in flue-cured tobacco leaves and soil granules（0.01-0. 001 mm）, while there are significant positive correlation be- tween the content of chlorine in flue-cured tobacco leaves and soil granules（0.1-0.05 mm）. The maps generated by ordinary Kriging also revealed the distribution of chlorine of flue-cured tobacco leaves and soil fertility factors in the study regions, which provide the basis for precise fertilization. The following is found： Tobacco leaves with higher contents of chlorine in the range of 0.54%-0. 80% are mainly distributed in west-northern, east-northern and central parts of the investigated regions, occupying 20.31% of the study area, while the tobacco leaves with contents of chlo- rine in the range of 0.40%-0. 54% are mainly distributed in the northern and central parts of the given regions, occupying 53.20% of the study area; The tobacco leaves with lower contents of chlorine in the range of 0. 14%-0.40% exist in western, southern and eastern parts of the given regions, accounting for 26.49 % of the study area.