从创新到创新集群的经济学分析

From Innovation to Innovation Clusters: Analysis from the View of Economic

创新是经济过程与技术过程双重作用的结果,二者缺一不可,创新者兼具科学家与企业家的特质,能够有效推动科学技术转化为具有经济效益的现实生产力。创新的本质特征是不确定性,这种不确定性使创新活动存在着风险的同时具有巨大的潜在效益。随着现代社会的发展,单一主体从事创新活动面临的创新风险较大,而多主体的创新集聚能够有效整合创新资源,分担创新风险,共享创新收益,进而降低创新不确定性,提高创新成功率。

In this paper, innovation is the result of interaction and coupling between technological process and economic process which are indispensable. Innovators who are main body of innovative activity have different qualifies from the scientist and entrepreneur, effectively promoting the tra^ormafion of science and technology for cost- effective production. Uncertainty is the essential characteristic innovation, which causes innovation to have the risk at the same time to have the huge latent benefit. With the development of modem society, a single subject engaged in innovation activities faced greater risks of innovation, The multi - body innovator can integrate innova- tive resources effectively, split innovation risk and share innovation revenue, thus reduce the uncertainty of innovation, improve innovation success rate.