优良玉米自交系QR273改良系的遗传特征及其改良效果

Genetic Characteristics and Effects of Improved Line of Superior Maize Inbred Line QR273

为了进一步利用和改良热带玉米自交系QR273,选用4个具有Suwan血缘的优良自交系QB572、QB576、QB48和T32作为供体,QR273作为受体进行改良,对改良系农艺性状进行统计分析。结果表明:选育的30个改良系之间农艺性状差异均达显著水平,遗传变异丰富;以QB48和QB576作为供体改良系的穗长、穗粗、株高、穗位高和吐丝期比QR273得到明显的改良;经改良系与QB506组配的杂交组合鉴定,增产最多是QB2201,比对照增加9.91%;其次是QB1704(6.23%)、QB2157(3.20%)、QB2159(3.13%)、QB2178(1.84%)和QB1775(0.63%)。

Four maize inbred lines QB572,QB576,QB48 and T32,derived from Suwan,were used as donor to improve QR273 in the present study, statistical analysis of eight agronomic traits showed significant difference with rich genetic variations among the 30 improved lines.While the improved lines with QB48 and QB576 as the donors had significant improvement effects on ear length,ear diameter,plant height,ear height and silking stage,compared with QR273.In addition,the results of hybrid combination of improved lines crosses with QB506 for multi-location-one-year experiments showed that the yield of six combinations exceeded CK,especially QB2201,increased up to 9.91%,followed by QB1704（6.23%）, QB2157（3.20%）,QB2159（3.13%）,QB2178（1.84%）and QB1775（0.63%）.