老龄化垃圾渗滤液的污染特性及其对美人蕉生理生化的胁迫作用

Polluting Characteristics of Aging Landfill Leachate and Its Stress on Physiology and Biochemistry of Canna

为评估利用植物净化垃圾渗滤液过程中植物材料的生理适应性,以美人蕉为研究材料,通过水培试验研究不同浓度垃圾渗滤液对美人蕉叶片中叶绿素、丙二醛及抗氧化系统酶的影响。结果表明:老龄化垃圾渗滤液中含有植物生长所需的大量元素和微量元素,对垃圾渗滤液稀释后的植物水培试验表明,不同浓度垃圾渗滤液对美人蕉生长的影响存在显著差异,低浓度(<30%)的垃圾渗滤液能在一定程度上增加美人蕉叶片叶绿素含量,降低叶片中的MDA,使SOD、POD、CAT等各种抗氧化酶活性保持平衡;当渗滤液浓度>30%时,随着浓度增大,美人蕉叶片中叶绿素含量和叶绿素a/b均呈下降趋势,MDA在植物体内大量积累,SOD、POD、CAT三种抗氧化酶活性平衡遭到显著破坏。说明,美人蕉对低浓度垃圾渗滤液具有较强的适应性,而较高浓度的垃圾渗滤液将导致美人蕉生长严重受阻,衰老进程加速甚至死亡。因此,利用美人蕉作为低浓度垃圾渗滤液的生物净化材料是可行的。

The plants of Canna were cultured in landfill leachate solution with different concentration to study the effect on chlorophyll content,MDA and antioxidase activity for evaluating the physiological adaptation of canna during the purification process of landfill leachate.The aging landfill leachate had macro-element and micro-element for plant growth.There was significant difference in canna growth between leachate solutions with different concentration.Less than 30% landfill leachate solution could increase leaf chlorophyll content and reduce leaf MDA content to some extent which was beneficial to balance of SOD,POD and CAT activity but when the leachate concentration was ＆gt; 30%, the leaf chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a/b presented a declining trend and MDA content accumulated in plant significantly with concentration increment which results in imbalance of SOD,POD and CAT activity. canna is of the stronger adaptability to landfill leachate with low concentration and the landfill leachate with higher concentration can inhibit the growth and speed up senescence process.In conclusion,canna can be used as a biological purification plant of landfill leachate with lower concentration.