基于水量平衡法的黄河兰州银滩湿地生态需水分析

Eological water demand analysis at Yintan wetlands based on water balance in Lanzhou section of Yellow River

以黄河兰州银滩湿地为研究对象,运用水量平衡法对其生态需水量进行计算并根据权重制定补水方案,以湿地植物栖息地需水量对其检验,并对不同生态目标条件下湿地生态需水量进行分析.结果表明:维持芦苇沼泽面积防止其生态特性减退这一低目标的生态需水量为5.12×105 m3,保证沼泽面积、质量,保证动植物栖息地价植以及防治水面的减退和消失这一高目标的生态需水量为6.08×105 m3,这与湿地植物栖息地需水量计算结果相一致,湿地动态补水分为4级,1级7、8、9月份,2级4、5、6月份,3级3、10月份,4级1、2、11、12月份.

Yintan wetland was chosen as the study object. Water balance method was used to analyze the ecological water demand and replenishment program was developed based on the grades weights. Plant habitat water demand was used to check whether the result was reasonable or not,meanwhile,water de- mand under different ecological targets was analyzed. The results showed that the ecological water demand was 5.12× 10^5 m^3 on lower target and 6.08× 10^5 m^3 on higher target,which was correspond of plant habi- tat water demand, also could basically satisfy the management goal. Dynamic water supplement distribution could be classified into four grades： the first grade was July,August and September, the second grade was April, May and June, the third grade was March and October, and the fourth grade was January, February, November and December.