经济开放与技术进步影响我国劳动力就业的实证分析

Empirical Analysis of Effects of Economy Openness, Technical Progress on China′s Employment

本文通过构建一个同时包含国际贸易、FDI和技术进步变量的劳动力就业模型,并利用中国制造业2003—2011年面板数据,既分析了我国制造业总体,也考察了以行业特点分组的子样本的劳动力就业受上述三项变量影响的情况。研究结果表明:总体上,国际贸易和国内技术进步会拉动我国就业,而FDI则会抑制我国就业。从基于行业特点分组的研究来看,国际贸易对我国劳动力就业的拉动作用随着贸易开放度的提高而增加;FDI对我国劳动力就业的抑制随着FDI进入程度的提高而逐步减小;技术进步对我国劳动力就业的拉动作用随着研发投入的增加而增加。

By establishing a employment model and using manufacturing panel data from 2003 to 2011, this pa- per analyzes the influence factors for employment not only overall manufacturing but also sub---sectors. The resuits show that： Firstly, international trade and technological progress boost employment overall, while FDI has negative effects on employment. Secondly, according to the sub - sectors, with the enhancement of trade openness and R＆D expenditure, international trade and technological progress will promote employment gradual- ly, with the enhancement of inward FDI degree the negative effects FDI on employment is decreased gradually.