基于线粒体COI、COII和Cyt b基因的蚁属13种的分子系统学研究(膜翅目:蚁科:蚁亚科)(英文)

Molecular phylogeny of thirteen species in the genus Formica(Hymenoptera: Formicidae) based on COI, COII, and Cyt b genes

以线粒体mtDNA中的COI、COII及Cyt b基因序列为分子标记,对蚁属13种进行分析研究。结果表明,蚁属线粒体基因组成具有昆虫基因的普遍特征,如有明显的A+T偏向性,A、T密码子使用频率高等特点。基于蚁属线粒体基因进行遗传距离分析,并结合构建系统发育树,结果表明蚁属内各物种间遗传距离相差较小,遗传距离值基本在0.1以内,遗传距离较远的种发生在北京凹头蚁和掘穴蚁之间,蚁属内各种间分化与形态学研究结果基本一致。

Partial eytochrome oxidase subunits I （COI） and II （COII）, and cytochrome b （Cyt b） genes of thirteen species of the ant genus Formica were sequenced for molecular phylogenetic studies. The sequences were as follows： COI fragment, 657 bp; COl ＋ COIl fragments, approximately 900 bp, including the termination codon at the end of COI and the initiator codon at the beginning of COIl; and the Cyt b fragment, 777 bp. Results show that these three mitoehondrial genetic markers are similar in base composition. The contents of A ＋ T were 73.8% （COl） and 79.2% （COII）--higher than those of G ＋ C, which were 20.8% （COIl） and 26.2% （COI）, and strongly AT-biased. The highest A ＋ T contents were 89.9% （COI） and 93.7% （COII） on the third codon, whereas the lowest G content was 0.2% （COII） and 1.2% （Cyt b）. Molecular phylogenetic trees based on these mitoehondrial genes were reconstructed. Cataglyphis aenescens in the subfamily Formicinae was used as the outgroup, and Diacamma rugosum of the subfamily Ponerinae was used as an additional, distantly-related outgroup. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the differences among the species in the in-group were small, with genetic distance values less than 0.1. The greatest genetic distance was between E beijingensis and F. cunicularia. The results are in accord with those based on morphological features.