行波管非对称收集极的研究

Study on Unsymmetrical Collector for Traveling Wave Tube

目前行波管正朝着小型化、大功率以及高频率三个方向发展。对行波管的收集极进行一维或者多维尺寸的非对称改进是行波管小型化的重要途径。椭圆收集极相对传统圆收集极具有内表面面积大、一维尺寸小等优点,是一种非常可取的收集极形状。根据轴对称电场几何相似性定理,在收集极入口通过类似四极透镜作用将圆柱型电子注压缩成为类椭圆形电子注,更利于椭形收集极对电子的回收。利用计算机辅助设计软件对重新设计的行波管椭圆收集极进行仿真,为非对称收集极设计提供参考[1]。

Nowadays traveling wave tube （TWT） development are towards miniaturization, high power and high frequency. The unsymmetrical collector structure optimization on one-dimensional or multidimen- sional is an important route for miniaturization. Ellipse collector has larger inner area and smaller one-di- mensional size than traditional circular ones. According to the effect of quasi-quadrupole lens, when elec- tron beam pass through the entrance of the collector, the shape of circular cylindrical electron beam become quasi-ellipse, which is better for being collected. The re-designed collector is simulated using CAD soft- ware, and the result could guide the practical design of unsymmetrical collector.