学龄前儿童肾脏正常参数的超声测量

Ultrasonographic evaluation of the renal parameters in preschool children

目的 利用超声测量学龄前儿童肾脏正常参数 ,为儿童肾脏病提供健康对照。方法 对 198例 3～ 6岁健康儿童进行肾脏长、宽、厚、实质和锥体厚、肾柱宽、肾面积、肾窦面积的全面观察测量 ,并计算体表面积 ,进行相关因素分析。结果 同一年龄组 ,肾脏的长径、厚径、肾实质厚度、锥体厚度、肾柱宽、肾面积的平均值左侧大于右侧 ,宽径右侧大于左侧。各参数 3岁组分别与 5岁、6岁组比较 ,4岁组与 6岁组比较 ,差异均有显著性 (P <0 0 1)。锥体占肾实质比例较大(5 0 8%～ 5 2 4% )。肾面积与肾窦面积的比值范围 1 75～2 39。结论 利用超声测量获得的学龄前儿童肾脏参数 ,可作为监测儿童肾脏病发展。

Objective To provide a reference material for diagnosis of renal diseases,ultrasonography was used to measure the renal parameters of the preschool children. Methods 198 children aged from 3 to 6 years had renal ultrasound. Sonograms of kidney were evaluated with emphasis on renal length,widths,thickness,thickness of parenchyma and pyramid、widths of column,area.Surface area of child was calculated and their correlation was analysed. Results In the same group, the average of length,thickness,thickness of parenchyma and pyramid, widths of column and area of left kidney was greater than one of the right one except the widths of kidney. Compared 3 and 4 years old with 5 and 6 years old,the datum had remarkable significance ( P <0 01). The proportional percentage of renal medulla was prominent (50 8%～52 4%).The proportion of renal area with sinus area is 1 75～2 39. Conclusion The research results provide an important ultrasound anatomic basis for diagnosis of preschool child renal disease.