石油类污染物在黏性土壤中的垂直分布规律

Research on the Vertical Distribution of Petroleum Pollutants in Clayed Soil

为了查明石油类污染物在黏性土壤中的垂直分布规律,本文选择某机械加工厂中机床下润滑油长期滴漏处为研究对象,研究了润滑油穿越地面混凝土层后在黏性土层中的分布特征,并结合土壤性质研究了该场地特征污染点在土壤0.2～3.0m深度范围内总石油烃（TPH）和挥发性有机物（VOCs）的垂直分布规律,以及土壤性质与土壤中TPH、VOCs含量的关系.结果表明：在工业企业石油类污染场地,污染物会透过素填土迁移进入较深层土壤;若地表污染源没有消除或刚停止持续污染,则TPH在表层素填土（0～0.5 m）中含量较高,在浅层素填土（0.6～1.0 m）中含量较低,而素填土中VOCs含量较低;在黏性土层中,大量TPH和VOCs会被吸附于在土层上方,且污染物浓度随土壤深度的增加显著降低.

For the purpose of figuring out the vertical distribution law of petroleum pollutants in clayed soil, this paper chooses a plot, which is under machine tools and has been polluted by lubricating oil over years, in a mechanical processing plant as the research object. Combined with soil property, the paper studies the vertical distribution regularity of total petroleum hydrocarbon （TPH） and volatile organic compounds （VOCs） at the depth of 0.2~3.0 m,and analyzes the relationship between soil property and the content of TPH and VOCs. The results show that pollutants move through filling soil into deeper natural soil; if the pollution source on the ground is not cleared away or just stops continuing the pollution, the content of TPH is higher in surface filling soil （0~0.5 m） and lower in shallow filling soil （0.6-1.0 m）,and at the same time,the content of VOCs in filling soil is lower;in natural soil,both TPH and VOCs are adsorbed on the upper soil and their contents become lower and lower with the depth.