江苏省常州地区急性呼吸道感染患儿呼吸道合胞病毒流行病学特点

Epidemiologic features of respiratory syncytial virus in children with acute respiratory tract infection in Changzhou area

目的探讨常州地区急性呼吸道感染(ARTI)患儿呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)的流行病学特点。方法选取2011年1月—2012年12月在本院就诊的ARTI患儿3483例。采集患儿鼻咽分泌物,直接免疫荧光法检测RSV病毒抗原。结果所有患儿中共检出RSV阳性标本627例,总阳性率为18.00%(627/3843),其中2011年阳性率为22.96%(306/1333),2012年阳性率为14.93%(321/2150),2011年RSV感染率明显高于2012年,差异有统计学意义(χ2=35.904,P=0.000)。男孩RSV感染率明显高于女孩。随年龄的增加,RSV感染率逐渐下降,新生儿感染率最高。RSV流行高峰期在每年的冬春季节,且毛细支气管炎患儿为好发人群。结论 RSV是常州地区ARTI患儿的重要病原体,3岁以内儿童多见,好发于冬春季,在毛细支气管炎患儿中检出率最高。

Objective To explore the epidemiologic features of respiratory syncytial virus（RSV）in children with acute respiratory tract infection（ARTI）in Changzhou area.Methods Nasopharyngeal secretionsof 3 843 children with ARTI from January 2011 to December 2012 were collected and detected by direct immonofluorescence assay. Results 627 samples were positive for RSV antigen detection in all the children, and the positive rate was 18.00%（627/3843）, furthermore the positive rate was 22.96%（306/1333）in 2011 and 14.93%（321/2150）in 2012. There wassignificantdifferenceofpositive rateof RSVbetween2 0 1 1 and2 0 1 2（χ 2= 3 5.9 0 4, P=0.000）. The positive rate in boys was significantly higher than that in girls. With the increasing of age, the positive rate declined gradually, and the highest positive rate was observed in neonates.Epidemiologic peak of RSV was in winter and spring, and RSV infection was mainly observed in children with bronchiolitis. Conclusion RSV is the important viral pathogen in children with ARTI in Changzhou area. RSV infection, mainly popularizing in winter and spring, easily occurs in children less than 3 years old. Meanwhile, detection rate of RSV is the highest in children with