上海市浦东新区家长口腔保健行为与学龄前儿童口腔卫生习惯的调查分析

Investigation on parent＇s and preschool children＇s dental health behavior in pudong new area of shanghai

目的 了解家长口腔保健行为与学龄前儿童口腔卫生习惯的相关关系,为建立学龄前儿童和家长联合口腔健康教育模式奠定基础.方法 应用学龄前儿童和家长联合问卷,并采用整群抽样的方法,抽取本社区5家幼儿园的学龄前儿童124人进行问卷调查,了解家长及儿童本人的口腔卫生习惯,并对结果进行分析.结果 124名接受调查的儿童家长口腔保健行为与儿童的口腔卫生习惯之间存在相关性,主要体现在开始刷牙年龄、刷牙持续时间和是否有饭后漱口的习惯3个方面,相关性均有统计学意义;家长口腔知识来源主要为电视/广播（82.3％）、报刊/杂志/科普读物（51.6％）、家人/朋友（27.4％）,而期待的知识来源是口腔医护人员（90.3％）、电视/广播（53.2％）、社区健康教育活动（51.6％）.结论 学龄前儿童口腔保健行为现状较好;重视家长行为对儿童口腔健康的作用;有必要多开展社区口腔健康教育活动.

Objective To get informed of the parents＇ oral health behaviors,children＇s oral hygiene habits and the correlation between the two,to lay the foundation of building up joint educational pattern of the oral health between pre-school children and their parents.Methods The questionnaire between preschool children and their parents was applied.By cluster sampling,124 pre-school children from 5 kindergartens in the local community were selected to participate the survey.The oral health behaviors of parents and their kids were investigated and the results underwent analysis.Results Parents’ oral health behaviors were closely related to children＇s,which was embodied by three parts,such as the starting age of brushing teeth,the duration of brushing and the habits of gargling after meals.As to parents,the knowledge sources of oral health mainly came from TV and broadcast programs （82.3％）,newspapers and periodicals,magazines and popular science readings （51.6％）,relatives and friends （27.4％）,but the anticipated knowledge sources were from medical personnel （90.3％）,TV and broadcast programs （53.2％）,community activities on health education （51.6％）.Conclusions Pre-school children＇s oral health behaviors are currently good; more emphasis should be laid on the effect of parents＇ behaviors to their children＇s oral health; it＇s necessary to hold more community activities on health education.