氢燃料电池客车滚翻的仿真及改进设计

Simulations for a hydrogen fuel cell bus under rolling-crash and its improved design

综合考虑了车辆结构中的剩余空间、氢气瓶和电池在客车滚翻中的安全,建立了一种新的评价方法。该方法是根据国内外相关的法规和标准,以满足欧洲经济委员会汽车法规ECE R66滚翻测试的要求。针对某款国内氢燃料电池大客车,利用有限元软件LS-DYNA,建立了有限元模型。改进了该氢燃料电池大客车的气瓶布置方式,增加了泡沫铝缓冲梁,并对这些方案进行仿真。结果表明:泡沫铝缓冲梁能减小原有氢气瓶的加速度峰值的30%,从而,提升了该车的氢安全。

A new evaluation method was established with taking account of the residual space of vehicle structure, hydrogen fuel cell and hydrogen tank under rolling-crash. The method was in accordamce with the safety regulations and standards of different countries to meet the requirements of the ECE R66 by the Economic Commission of Europe. A finite element model （FEM） was made by using LS-DYNA for a hydrogen fuel cell bus made in China. The model was used to simulate some schemes for the different arrangements of hydrogen tanks and for the condition with adding foamed aluminum bumper beam. The results show that using foamed aluminum bumper-beam decreases 30% of the hydrogen tank peak acceleration. Therefore, the vehicle hydrogen safety is improved.