我国6省糖尿病患者自我管理行为调查

Survey on self-management behaviors among diabetes patients in six provinces in China

目的了解我国糖尿病患者自我管理行为现状，为患者教育和健康传播提供依据。方法对我国6省在三甲医院就诊的糖尿病患者进行糖尿病自我管理行为问卷调查。结果共调查糖尿病患者639人。其中，男性329人，占51.5％；女性310人，占48.5％。57.0％的调查对象患病年限在5年以上。29.7％的调查对象每3个月至少测量一次糖化血红蛋白，43.7％的人能够按医生要求定时监测血糖，62.6％的人能够遵医嘱用药，76.4％的人每周至少进行3次规律的体育锻炼，71.0％的人比较注意饮食控制，5.5％的人经常使用“食物交换份”法控制饮食，18.3％的调查对象吸烟，69.0％的调查对象饮酒。Logistic回归分析结果显示，高年龄组，糖尿病自我管理行为达标率较高，以45岁以下组为参照，46～60岁组OR=1.184，95％CI：0.550～2.54，61岁以上组OR=1.962，95％CI：0.914～4.213，女性糖尿病自我管理行为达标率高于男性（OR=2.176，95％CI：1.470～3.223）。结论糖尿病患者糖化血红蛋白规范化监测率低，血糖监测依从性不高，“食物交换份”法未在患者中普及和应用。年龄和性别是糖尿病患者自我管理行为的影响因素。

Objective To investigate the self-management behaviors among diabetes patients in China, and provide supports for patient-education and health communication development. Methods A questionnaire about self-management behaviors was conducted to investigate diabetes patients from first-class hospitals in six provinces of China. Results A total of 639 persons were interviewed including 329 males （51.5%） and 310 females （48.5%）. 57.0% of the respondents had been ill with diabetes over five tears. 29. 7% of them measured glycosylated hemoglobin Alc every 3 months at least. 43.7% of them diabetes patients monitored blood glucose, 62.6% took medication following doctor＇s instruction. 76.4% of them took regular physical exercise 3 times at least once week. 71.0% of them paidattention to diet control. 5.5% of them controlled their diet using ＂ food exchangeportion＂ method. 18.3% smoked and 69. 0% of them drank. Logistic regression analysis showed that the qualified rate of diabetes self-management behaviors was positively related with age. As the group below 45 years old control, the OR of group 46 - 60 years old was 1.184, 95% CI： O. 550 - 2.547; the OR of group over bo years old was 1. 962, 95% CI： 0.914 -4.213. The qualified rate of diabetes self-management behaviors in female was higher than that in male （ OR = 2.176, 95% CI： 1.470 - 3.223 ）. Conclusion The quali- fied rate of glyeosylated hemoglobin Ale regular measurement was low. The compliance of serf-monitoring of blood glucose was not high. ＂Food exchange portion＂ was not popularized and applied among diabetes patients. Age and gender were influen- cing factors of self-management behaviors among diabetes patients.