从医生视角看糖尿病患者的糖尿病防治素养

Survey the diabetes prevention and control literacy of the patients from the perspective of doctors

目的从糖尿病医生角度对糖尿病患者的疾病知识、疾病的自我管理能力、遵医嘱行为等现状进行评价,为糖尿病患者健康教育提供依据。方法采用个人访谈的形式对我国6省三甲医院和基层医疗卫生服务机构任职的糖尿病医生进行访谈。结果共访谈内分泌科医生80人,87.50%(70/80)的受访医生认为糖尿病患者的糖尿病知识水平处于"偏低"甚至"较差"的水平,63.75%(51/80)的受访医生认为绝大多数患者不能合理规范的控制饮食,53.75%(48/80)的受访医生认为大多数患者很畏惧使用胰岛素治疗,82.50%(66/80)的受访医生认为患者血糖监测不规律,不能规范的使用降糖药物,40.00%(32/80)的受访医生认为患者缺乏对疾病的认知,32.50%(26/80)的受访医生认为糖尿病患者不能做到合理规律的运动,48.75%(39/80)的受访医生认为糖尿病患者偏信中药、保健品,甚至广告。51.25%(41/80)的受访医生认为糖尿病患者的自我管理效果"较差",65.00%(52/80)的受访医生认为糖尿病患者服药的依从性"一般",86.25%(69/80)的受访医生所在的单位均开展过糖尿病患者的健康教育工作,并且受访医生本人都能够参与其中。结论糖尿病患者对于糖尿病的相关知识掌握不全面,自我管理效果不理想,应加强糖尿病患者的健康教育。

Objective To evaluate the knowledge of disease, disease self-management ability, and compliance behaviors of diabetic patients from the perspective of doctors, in order to provide the basis for diabetes self-management and health education. Methods Diabetic doctors of upper first-class hospitals and community-level medical and health services in six provinces of China were investigated by personal interviews. Results A total of 80 diabetic doctors were inter- viewed. 87.50% （70/80） of the respondents considered the diabetes knowledge level of patients is ＂low＂ or ＂poor＂, 63.75% （51/80） considered most of the patients can＇t control their diets rationally, 53.75% （48/80） considered most patients are afraid of the insulin treatment, 82. 50% （66/80） considered patients can＇ t monitor blood glucose and use antidiabetic drugs regularly, 40.00% （ 32/80 ） considered patients are lack of the knowledge of diseases, 32. 50% （ 26/ 80） of the respondents considered patients can＇t exercise reasonably, 48.75% （39/80） considered patients have blind faith in the Chinese traditional medicine, health products, even advertising. 51.25% （41/80） of the respondents considered the self-management effect of patients is ＂poor＂, 65.00% （52/80） considered the medication compliance of patients is ＂in general ＂ . The health education for diabetic patients were carried out by 86. 25% （69/80） services of surveyed doctors, and the doctors are able to participate by themselves. Conclusion The diabetic patients can＇t master knowledge of diabetes comprehensively and the self-management effect is not ideal, then it is necessary to strengthen health education for diabetic patients.