物流成本对区域贸易商利益的影响——基于改进的霍特林模型的博弈分析

Impact of Logistic Costs on the Interests of Regional Traders——Analysis Based on Improved Hotelling Model

运用改进的霍特林模型博弈分析认为,物流成本的变化对各地贸易商最优利润的影响来自两种效应:一是直接效应,即物流成本的变化直接影响到各地贸易商或厂商自己的市场份额,而各地贸易商或厂商又通过攫取份额内顾客的剩余来影响利润;二是间接溢出效应,即一个区域物流成本的变化将导致另一区域贸易商或厂商的价格相对变化,进而影响自己的市场份额和最优利润。

While the traders located in two different regions sell similar products to the customers from different regions who pay different logistic costs, the changes in logistic costs would affect the interests of the traders. This paper analyzes the pricing and optimal profits of the traders by non-cooperative games based on improved Hotelling model. It finds out that the changes of logistic costs impact optimal profits of the traders in two as-pects：one is direct effect, namely changes of the logistic cost directly affect the market share of the traders, so the traders optimize their profits by seizing consumer surplus. Another is indirect spillover effect, namely the market share and optimal profits of the trader in a region are affected by relative change of product price in an-other region due to logistic costs of the product.