烤烟托盘浅水密播育苗及其配套移栽技术研究

Research on Tray Shallow Dense Sowing Seedling and Associated Transplanting Technology for Tobacco

为充分利用黔西南州丰富的有机肥资源,有效克服早春低温和严重干旱天气对烤烟育苗及烟苗移栽定植成活的影响,进行了烤烟托盘浅水密播育苗及其膜下井窖小苗移栽配套技术研究。结果表明:烤烟托盘浅水密播育苗占地少,苗床期平均缩短30 d以上,节水效果好,可节约用苗成本1 296元/hm2。烤烟小苗膜下井窖移栽配套技术(先栽烟后盖膜)较常规移栽(先盖膜后栽烟)能提早移栽30 d以上,且烟苗缓苗期缩短、用水少、成活率高、生长快、苗健壮,增产240.5 kg/hm2,产值增加6 292.86元/hm2,对烤烟生产的节本增效起到了明显促进作用。

To fully take advantage of the abundant organic fertilizers and effectively overcome the impact of low temperature in early spring and severe drought on tobacco seedling and transplanting ,the study on the tray shallow dense sowing and associated film covering seedling transplanting supporting technology was proposed. The results showed that tray shallow dense sowing nursery occupied less area ,reduced seedbed more than 30 d ,and saved considerable water. The seedling cost reduced by 1 296 yuan/hm 2. The associated film covering tobacco seedling transplanting technique （planting first,covering film later）,versus the traditional transplanting（covering film first,plating later）,could transplant earlier by more than 30 d,with shortened rejuvenation period,less water,higher survival rate,faster growth,and more robust seedling. The yield was boosted by 240.5 kg/hm2 and increased the output by 6 292.86 yuan/hm2.Over all,the new technology had greatly promoted the efficacy and reduced the cost in tobacco production.