苎麻抗旱性基因型差异的农艺性状及形态解剖特征

Genotype difference of ramie in drought resistance in morphologic, anatomic and economical characters

采用大田旱棚、盆栽干旱胁迫及室内渗透胁迫相结合的方法对苎麻代表基因型从地下部形态特征、农艺性状、生物产量和经济产量等方面进行了抗旱性鉴定 ,首次用抗旱指数等指标鉴定出了同类根型苎麻基因型间抗旱性存在差异 ,中根型中也有较深根型抗旱性强的基因型 ;一龄麻、二龄麻抗旱性综合评定为 :圆叶青、沅江黄壳早为抗旱性基因型 ,沅江稀节巴为中抗基因型 ,资兴绿麻和新宁箭杆麻为不抗旱性基因型 ;三龄麻抗旱性综合评定为 :沅江黄壳早 ,沅江稀节巴为抗旱基因型 ,新宁箭杆麻为不抗基因型 ,其它如资兴绿麻、宜章雅麻、宜章绩麻为中抗基因型。与抗旱性弱的基因型比较 ,在干旱胁迫下 ,抗旱性强的基因型地下部体积、干重均较大 ,叶片棚栏组织厚度 /叶片厚度的比值高 ,各项农艺性状和干物质积累下降少 。

In this paper, the following investigations were made throhgh field, potted plant and osmotic stress experiments from seeds to one, two, tree-year ramie. Ramie genotype difference of resistance to drought stress was firstly evaluated by resistance index (R1). The results showed that “Yuanyeqing”, “Yuanjiang Huangkezao” and “Yuanjiang Xijieba” were drought resistant genotypes, “Zhixingluma” and “Xinglingjouganma” and “Lizhangjima” were the drought resistance genotypes between the former two groups. The characters of genotypes differences in drought resistance were alse analyzed with the economical characters, biomass, morphologic and anatomic characters. The results showed that drought resistance genotypes have higher thicknsee of plaside/leaf thickness, bigger volume of root-system and more dry-biomass under drought stress.