育苗方式对不同棉花品种苗期钾效率的影响

Effects of different nursing methods on potassium efficiency of different cotton varieties in seedling stage

在水培和沙培条件下,对6个棉花品种(湘农大棉1号、金农棉2号、湘丰棉3号、湘杂棉14号、湘杂棉15号、湘杂棉17号)的苗期生长特性和对钾的吸收及积累进行了研究。结果表明:水培育苗棉苗钾效率系数高于沙培育苗,分别为0.709~0.865和0.559~0.753;沙培育苗,湘农大棉1号的钾效率系数最高,湘杂棉14号最低,而水培育苗,湘杂棉14号钾效率系数最高,湘农大棉1号最低;沙培育苗缺钾处理棉苗株高、主根长分别为施钾处理的67.03%~86.11%、73.68%~96.61%,水培育苗分别为89.97%~95.64%、75.68%~91.76%;施钾棉苗地上部、地下部的钾含量及单株钾积累量极显著高于缺钾处理,沙培育苗分别是缺钾处理的2.20、3.17、3.52倍,水培育苗的分别是缺钾处理的2.64、4.37、3.35倍;湘杂棉15号在2种育苗方式和钾水平下,干物重均较高,但其地上部钾含量较低,表明该品种具有较强的耐低钾能力和较高的钾利用效率。

To verify the effect of different nursing methods on the potassium efficiency of cotton in seedling stage, the growth and the uptapotassium efficiency and accumulation of potassium in seedling stage of 6 cotton varieties including Xiangnongdamian No. l, Jinnongmian No.2, Xiangfengmian No.3, Xiangzamian No. 14, Xiangzamian No. 15 and Xiangzamian No. 17 were investigated under hydroponics and sand Culturing. The results indicated that potassium efficiency coefficients of seedlings with hydroponics were higher than seedlings with sand culturing, which were 0.709-0.865 and 0.559-0.753, respectively. Under sand culturing, Xiangnongdamian No.1 exhibit the highest potassium efficiency while Xiangzamian No.14 the lowest; under hydroponics, Xiangnongdamian No.14 exhibit the highest potassium efficiency while Xiangzamian No. 1 the lowest. Under sand culturing, the plant height and main root length of seedling in potassium deficient treatment correspondingly accounted for 67.03%-86.11% and 73.68% 96.61% of those in seedlings with potassium supply. Under hydroponics, the plant height and main root length of seedling in potassium deficient treatment correspondingly accounted for 89.97%-95.64% and 75.68%-91.76% of those in seedlings with potassium supply. Potassium content in above ground parts, under ground part and potassium accumulation in single seedling were significantly higher in seedlings with potassium supply, which were 2.20, 3.17 and 4.37 times as high as those in seedlings without potassium supply under the sand culturing while 2.64, 3.52 and 3.35 times as high as those in seedlings without potassium supply under the hydroponics. The dry matter weight of Xiangzamian No. 15 was high with both seeding ways and both potassium treatments, b^tt K content in above ground parts was low, indicating its high tolerance against low level of potassium and high potassiumutilization efficiency.