振动式蓝莓采摘机对果实收获的影响试验

Effects of vibrating based picking machine on blueberry fruit harvest

以‘蓝丰’蓝莓为研究对象,建立了蓝莓果实振动模型和果树振动系统模型。以蓝莓与母枝的结合力作为采摘力对模型求解,确定果实适宜收获的振动频率约为24 rad/s时,可提高采摘效率,降低青果脱落率。利用该振动频率,使用东北林业大学自主研发的GYL062型牵引振动式蓝莓采摘机在蓝莓集中成熟的季节进行采摘试验,得到适宜振动频率下机械采摘的工作效率为7.17 kg/min,是人工采摘效率的10倍,青果脱落率约为5.6%,果实损伤率约为8.0%,树枝总体损伤率约为30%。

Blueberry cultivar Bluecrop was used to establish the vibrating system model for blueberry fruit and blueberry tree. Picking force between the fruit and the branch was used to solve the vibrating models. The calculated suitable vibration frequency for fruit harvesting is 24 rad/s, at which picking efficiency is improved and fallen rate of green fruit is reduced. The vibrating based blueberry picking machine GYL062, which is developed by Northeast Forestry University, was used to harvest blueberries in their mass mature period. Under the calculated suitable vibration frequency, the efficiency of picking was 7.17 kg/min, which was ten times as high as that by handpicking, with fallen rate of green fruit being 5.6%, damage rate of fruit 8.0% and total damage rate of branches 30%.