城市污水处理设施空间格局优化研究--以江苏省淮安市为例

Optimization of Spatial Pattern of Municipal Sewage Treatment Facilities——A Case Study of Huai'an City,Jiangsu Province

城镇污水处理设施的建设和维护,对现代城市的可持续发展、确保水环境不受污染具有重要意义。以江苏省淮安市为例,以乡镇为评价单元,分析污染源的空间格局、变化趋势及其环境影响、污水处理设施需求,研究城镇污水处理能力与废污水排放的空间匹配格局。综合考虑废污水排放特征、污水处理厂的实际能力与设计能力,利用ArcGIS空间分析工具,将研究区划分为治污潜力释放类型区、治污增强类型区和维持现状类型区,对比分析废污水排放与治理能力缺口,提出污水处理设施建设与运营导向,为城镇污水处理厂建设选址与布局优化提供科学依据。

It is significant to build municipal sewage treatment facilities in cities, especially in large cities, both for the sustainable development and for the environmental protection, especially in large cities. This paper an- alyzes the spatial pattern, changing trends and the environmental impact of specific pollution sources. Taking Huai＇ an City of Jiangsu Province for example. The demand for sewage treatment facilities in the future is calculat- ed, based on which a match between municipal treatment capacity and sewage discharge is built. Township is taken as the evaluation unit in the study. Then, the characteristics of wastewater discharge are drawn, along with the ac- tual ability and designed capacity of the wastewater treatment facilities. Considering all of the three aspects men- tioned above, the study area is divided into three types, including the type of sewage treatment potential released, the type of sewage treatment enhanced, the type of status maintained. ArcGIS spatial analysis methcd is necessary in the study. By comparing with the quantity of wastewater discharge, the potential capacity of treatment facilities obviously gets asked. In the future, the facilities standard need to be rebuilt and expanded in order to enhance gov- ernance ability of controlling the regional waste water, especially in the townships with multiple population concen- trating, urbanization and industrialization fastest growing. Townships at the edge of urban area need to maintain the status quo of sewage treatment facilities and pipe network for future demands. Furthermore, those scattered in in- dustrial enterprises agglomeration area, such as industrial parks, economic development zones, need to strengthen the sewer network and related infrastructure facilities construction for releasing the potential of sewage treatment. Based on that, guidance is proposed for promoting the efficiency of the building and operating of sewage treatment facilities, and then it may provide scientific basis for site selection and layout optimization of municipal sewage treatment facilities.