苹果叶片相关性状的QTL定位及其遗传效应分析

Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Leaf Traits in Apple and Analysis of Their Genetic Effects

利用苹果栽培品种‘红富士’和新疆野苹果优系‘红肉苹果’杂交的110个F1株系为作图群体，构建了苹果的分子遗传图谱，采用区间作图法对苹果9个叶片相关性状（叶片长度、叶片宽度、叶片厚度、叶柄长度、叶片面积、总叶绿素含量、叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量和类胡萝b素含量）进行了QTL定位分析。结果显示：从110 个F1株系中共检测到20个控制叶片相关性状的QTL位点，分布在第1、2、3、4、5、7、8、10、11、12、16、17连锁群上；各QTL位点的LOD值在2．58～3．55之间，其中主效QTL位点2个（LOD≥3．5），可解释11．63％～16．36％的表型变异。获得紧密连锁的特异标记（CH05d11-435m、CH04c06-201m）为进一步进行QTL精细定位提供了参考。

In this study, we mapped and characterized quantitative trait loci （QTL） affecting apple leaf traits. A total of 110 F1 individuals obtained by crossing between a good quality cultivar ＇Red Fuji＇of Ma- lus domestica and an accession ＇Hongrou Apple＇of Malus sieversii were used to construct a 280-markers map in apple. By using interval mapping, 3 QTLs for leaf length, 1 QTLs for leaf width, 3 QTLs for leaf thickness,5 QTLs for leafstalk length, 1 QTL for leaf area, 1 QTL for chlorophyl a content, 2 QTLs for chlorophyl b content, 2 QTLs for chlorophyl content,2 QTLs for carotenoid content were identified. These QTLs were mapped on chromosome 1,2,3,4,5,7,8,10,11,12,16 and 17, respectively. The phenotypic var- iations explained by each QTL ranged from 11.63% to 16.36% ,and their LOD values varied from 2.58 to 3.55 ,of which two QTLs were major gene（LOD values≥3.5）. The tight linkage markers （CH05d11-435m and CH04c06-201m） can be used in fine maDDing of leaf length And chlorophyl h content in apple.