茶树树冠结构变化的数学模型研究

Mathematical Models of the Variations of Tea Plant's Canopy Frame

为对不同树龄茶树的树冠结构进行科学评价 ,并为制定合理的农业技术措施提供科学依据 ,以小乔木型品种福鼎大白茶和灌木型品种槠叶齐为材料 ,对湖南 8个地 (市 )规范化栽培茶园 1～ 18年生两类型品种茶树树冠结构的 15项指标进行系统调查 ,并运用计算机作数据分析 .结果表明 ,两类型品种树冠结构指标随树龄的增大呈现出基本一致的变化规律 ,各项树冠指标均可用一定的数学模型予以表达 .研究结果还表明 ,两茶树品种在 1～ 6年生期间 ,各项树冠指标增幅较大 ,7～ 14年生期间树冠指标的增加或减少的幅度不大 ,树冠结构比较稳定 ;14年生后 ,一些与茶叶品质和产量密切相关的指标 ,如新梢密度、生产枝密度、百芽重、一芽三叶长度和单叶面积下降幅度加大 .同时 ,从两类型品种树冠结构指标的变化来看 ,茶树类型不同 。

To provide scientific valuation for canopy frame of tea plants in different growth stages and scientific basis for reasonable agrotechnical measures,15 canopy frame indexes were investigated and analyzed by using dungarunga type Fudingdabai Tea and bush type Zhuyeqi Tea cultured for 1 year at least and 18 years at most.The results obtained by computer analysis show that with the growth of tea plants the variation of canopy frame indexes of the two types of teas are very close to each other and can be expressed with mathematical models to a certain degree.The indexes of canopy frame of the two types of teas increase greatly during 1~6 years old,and keep stable with a slight wave during 7~14 years old,but some indexes that have high correlation with quality and yield of tea decrease at a greater rate after 14 years old.Such as desity of tea shoots and branches of growing new shoots,weight of one hundred shoots,length of the shoot of three leaves and a bad and leaf area.According to the variation of canopy frame indexes,it is found that differences exist in the dynamic variation of canopy frame indexes between different types of teas.