我国九省眼病调查中广东省阳西县50岁及以上人群盲和中、重度视力损伤患病率及致病原因调查

Prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment among adults aged 50 years or above in Yangxi County of Guangdong Province： the China Nine-Province Survey

目的 调查广东省阳西县50岁及以上人群盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率及致病原因.方法 以人群为基础的横断面调查.2006年9月至2007年1月对广东省阳西县50岁及以上人群进行视力和眼部检查.采用整群随机抽样方法抽取28个调查点,正式现场调查之前先进行预试验,并进行保证调查质量的重复性检验.根据村户口本逐户检录调查对象.按年龄、性别和受教育程度分别计算受检者肓和中、重度视力损伤的患病率,并判断受检者盲和中、重度视力损伤的原因.采用x2检验、趋势x2检验进行各数据间的比较.结果 在检录的5 531人中,4 589人接受并完成了检查,受检率为82.97％.以世界卫生组织1973年视力损伤分类为标准,以BCVA计算,50岁及以上受检者中盲109人,患病率为2.38％,中、重度视力损伤433人,患病率为9.44％;以日常生活视力计算,盲123人,患病率为2.68％,中、重度视力损伤833人,患病率为18.15％.以BCVA计算,高龄（趋势x2=1 239.34,P＜0.01）、女性（x2=37.88,P＜0.01）和文盲（趋势x2=235.11,P＜0.01）人群盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率增高.白内障是盲和中、重度视力损伤的主要原因.结论 广东省阳西县50岁及以上人群盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率在我国九省眼病调查结果中处于较高水平.白内障是导致其盲和中、重度视力损伤的主要原因.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment among adults aged 50 years or above in Yangxi County of Guangdong Province,China.Methods It was a population-based cross-section study.Geographically defined cluster sampling was used in randomly selecting 5 531 individuals aged 50 years or above in Yangxi County from September 2006 to January 2007.The survey was preceded by a pilot study where operational methods were refined and quality assurance evaluation was carried out.All participants were enumerated using village registers foliowed by door-to-door visits.Eligible individuals were invited to receive visual acuity measurement and eye examination.Statistical analyses were performed using Stata/SE Statistical Software,release 9.0.Chi-square test was used to investigate the association of age,gender and education with presenting and best corrected visual acuity.Results Five thousands five hundreds and thirty-one individuals were enumerated and 4 589 persons were examined,the response rate was 82.97%.Based on the criteria of World Health Organization visual impairment classification in 1973,the prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment defined as best corrected visual acuity was 2.38% （109/4 589） and 9.44% （433/4 589） respectively.The prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment defined as presenting visual acuity was 2.68% （123/4 589） and 18.15% （833/4 589） respectively.The prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment was higher in aged （trend x2 =1 239.34,P 〈 0.0l）,female （x2 =37.88,P 〈0.01） and illiterate（trend x2 =235.11,P 〈 0.01） persons.Cataract was the first leading cause of blindness and visual impairment.Conclusions The prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment is higher among older adults aged 50 years or above in Yangxi County.Cataract remains as the first leading cause of blindness and visual impairment.