污染水体的生态浮床修复研究综述

A Review of Ecological Floating Bed in Polluted Water Restoration

利用生态浮床净化污染水体是一个水环境原位生态修复的过程,也是一个包括物理的、化学的和生物的复杂过程,其原理主要是利用水生植物及其根际微生物吸收水体N,P元素、降解有机物和蓄积重金属。生态浮床技术已被应用于国内外水污染治理工程,并取得了一定的成果,但是其对污染水体的净化效果易受植物种类、温度、季节、处理时间、覆盖率和污染物初始浓度等因素的影响。今后,应从植物筛选、植物组合、浮床结构改进、水生植物资源化利用等方面加强研究,探索生态浮床的构建和管理技术,实现景观效益和生态功能的双赢。

Using Ecological Floating Bed （EFB） to purify polluted water at virgin position is a process of ecologicalrestoration as well as a complicated physical, chemical and biological process. Its main theory is that utilizing aquatic plantand root＇s microbes to absorb nitrogen and phosphorus element, degrade organic matter and enrich heavy metal. EFB hasbeen applied to some water pollution control projects, and has got several achievements. However, there are some factorsinfluencing the removal rate of pollutants, including plants, temperature, seasons, processing time, coverage and initialconcentration of pollutants. In the future, the development orientation has been prospected from plants and its combinations,the transformation of EFB structure and the utilization of aquatic resource, and probed the technology of EFB＇s building andmanagement, to implement the win-win of landscape benefit and ecological function.