东莞市2008-2012年无偿献血者HIV感染状况分析

The HIV infection status analysis of voluntary blood donors in Dongguan city from 2008 to 2012

目的了解东莞市无偿献血HIV感染流行趋势及人群特征，为安全输血和献血招募提供依据。方法分析2008—2012年东莞市无偿献血者121例HIV抗体阳性情况，利用SPSSl6．0软件进行统计分析。结果2008—2012年东莞市无偿献血者中HIV感染率分别为15／10万、21／10万、32／10万、45／10万和51／10万，平均感染率为34／10万，各年间比较差异有统计学意义（x2=19．89，P〈0．05）。男性感染率为44／10万，女性感染率为9／10万，男性高于女性（X2=27．31，P〈0．05）。36-岁组感染率为49／10万，为各年龄组最高（X2=12．94，P〈0．05）。初中以下学历感染率为43／10万，与高中／中专组比较差异有统计学意义（x2=4．47，P〈0．05）。再次献血者感染率低于首次献血者（X2=17．47，P〈0．05）。集体组织献血与个人献血差异无统计学意义（x2=2．84，P〉0．05）。结论东莞市无偿献血者HIV感染率呈逐年上升趋势，HIV感染已从高危人群向一般人群扩散。采供血机构在严格进行抗-HIV筛查时，还应加强献血者特别是低学历青壮年男性的献血前健康征询。

Objective To find out the HIV infection status and population characteristics of voluntary blood donors in Dongguan city, and provide the basis for safe blood transfusion and blood donation. Methods Voluntary blood donors were tested for HIV antibodies in Dongguan city from 2008 to 2012, and the results were analyzed using SPSS16.0 software. Results From 2008 to 2012 the HIV infection rates were 15/100 000, 21/100 000,32/100 000,45/100 000 and 51/100 000, respectively, with an average of 34/100 000. The differences among each year were significant （x2=19.89,P〈0.05）. The infection rate of male （44/100 000） was higher than that of female （9/100 000） （X2=27.31 ,P〈0.05）, and the infection rate of age group of about 36 years old was the highest （49/100 000）. The infection rate of junior high school education （43/100 000） was significantly different from that of those with high school education （X2=4.47, P〈0.05 ）. The infection rate of the repeated blood donors was lower than that of the first-time blood donors （X2=17.47,P〈0.05）. The infection rates of group blood donors and individual blood donors showed no significant difference （X2=2.84,P〉0.05）. Conclusion HIV infection rate is rising year by year in voluntary blood donors of Dongguan city. It is spreading from high risk population to general population. The blood collection and supply services should strengthen the anti-HIV screening and health consultation in voluntary blood donors, especially to the low educated people and young male, in order to ensure blood safety.