摘要
运用光镜观察40例、透射电镜观察14例育龄期输卵管粘膜上皮。上皮主要由分泌细胞及纤毛细胞构成。在增殖期分泌细胞顶部逐渐隆起,细胞器逐渐丰富;排卵前后,细胞顶部高度突起,线粒体、游离核糖体及糖原颗粒丰富,粗面内质网及高尔基氏器发达并扩张,胞浆出现电子密度大、均质的分泌颗粒;分泌期胞浆、细胞器逐渐减少,溶酶体增多,细胞电子密度增大。纤毛细胞在排卵前后,细胞器丰富,在增殖早期及分泌晚期则较少,溶酶体较多。以上两种细胞的周期性变化,在输卵管各部均相似。分泌细胞在各生殖周期中的变化呈多样化。本文还发现纤毛细胞表面有指状突起,其内含单根或多根纤毛;有的纤毛内部微管结构消失;一些即将脱落的细胞中有纤毛基体;纤毛质膜有部分呈球状突起。以上几种变化可能是纤毛脱落减少的方式。
A total of 14 human fallopian tubes in different phases of normal menstrual cycle were studied by TEM and 40 by LM,which were both taken from the isthmus,ampulla and fimbrial parts of the tube.The epithelium consisted of two chief types of cells,the secerto- ry cells and cilliated cells.During the proliferative stage,the secretory cells from low be- came tall,and the organelles increased.Around the time of ovulation,the surface of the secretory cells projected into the lumen,a great numbers of mitochodria,ribosomes, glycogen granules were dected incytoplasm,and the Golgi complex and endoplasmic reticulum enlarged,while the electron dense and homogenous secretory granules appeared on supranu- clear region.During the secretory stage,the cytoplasm and organelles reduced,lysosome bodies and the electron density of the cytoplasm increased.The cycle changes of cilliated cells were not so conspicuous as secretory cells.During the preovulatory and pos- tovulatory stage,cilliated cells were rich in organells,but in the early proliferative stage and late secretory stage,the organells decreased,with increaseing of lysosome bodies. The changes during menstrual cycle of secretory cells and cilliated cells were similar in every parts of the fallopian tube,while great structural diversity was observed in the secretory ceils.Several interesting phenomena in the cilliated cells could be seen.a.The cyto- plasm projected into lumen,which contained one or more eillia,b.The structure of micro- tubles of the cillia had been destroyed,c.Some cells projected into lumen in which the basal body could be dected,d.The membrane of cillia had small ball-like projection.These may be the manners of decilliation.
